Travellers motivations on tourist typology Essays

Voyagers inspirations on visitor typology Essays Voyagers inspirations on visitor typology Essay Voyagers inspirations on visitor typology Essay for outline Costa del Sol in Spain was viewed as outsider, however in brief time of clasp venture into a mass tourer finish, and pull allocentric tourers ( Tourism: A Modern Synthesis, 2001 P ; 63 ) . One feature is that tourers and finishs change over the clasp. Handiness Visitors regularly travel off from place yet without transport ways, tourers can non make their finishs. Without a doubt, the movement accessible is typically a factor in taking a completion. ( Appendix 1 ) shows that the most well known way of transport by a wide margin for UK outbound tourers is air. Most long draw travel is via air for grounds of clasp and comfort ( P. Lavery, 1989 ) . Going via air give simple course to removed states for outline USA created air tourers as a figure of 1,539,857 assessed in March 2009 ( tinet.ita.doc.gov ) or China 1610 million individuals went via air in 2007. ( inet.ita.doc.gov ) . States in European Union for representation Spain and France make association and sort out a typical market by dousing exchange hindrances. France and Spain joined Euro zone known as Schgengen and evacuated limit line control and checkpoints between their states. The remotion of controls organizations that residents can simple move between different states. They have received EU cash Euro which makes simpler for financial action inside EU. Simply British tourers made 12.5 million visits to Spain in 2002, contrasted magician 12.1 million with France ( news.bbc.co.uk ) . Geographic qualities Costal touristry Costal nations offer probably the most attractive assets for touristry on the Earth. Sun, sand and ocean gives an of import business division of the touristry business. Costal nations coastline have incredible supplication to family units. Guests to a costal nation or resort will be pulled in by this feeling of topographic point and will be intense to search out pined for encounters, for outline in Spain. Spain has numerous to offer from exquisite sea shores, lovely metropoliss to mountains. The cardinal plea factor in Spain is ocean side for outline The Canaries, the gathering of islands with touristry focused on the four biggest. These are Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote and Fuerteventura. The islands are mostly volcanic. Fuerteventura has wide, straw colored sea shores yet those on Tenerife are less engaging dwelling of dark volcanic sand ( Rough Guide to Spain, 2007 ) .National measurements says The Canaries has lost 15 % of tourers in 2009 contrasted with last twelvemonth 9.2 million, that speaks to harvest time of 1.38 million. Anyway France have something to offer, The Gallic Riviera Beaches are known as costly and glamourous. Corsica is a Gallic island has a 100s of sea shores speaking to everybody. Sing to WTO in 2008 922 1000000s global tourers visited Gallic beach, with a developing of 1.9 % , contrasted with 2007. Hawaii in USA has engaging element of ocean, Sun and sand. A tropical island Eden of aureate sand sea shores, cascades and rich woods. Salud State draw in excess of 6 million visitants a twelvemonth. A wanderer archipelago in the focal point of the Pacific Ocean, the islands have outsider scene and luxurious agreeable gathering offer an abundance of encounters from volcanic emissions and universe class surfboarding and lovely sea shores ( Eyewitness Travel, USA, 2004 ) Mountain Yellow Mountains is the most mainstream alluring powers in China. There are situated in the South of Anhui state. The excellence and peculiarity of Yellow Mountain has gotten one of the extraordinary images of China ( Alone Planet, China 2009 ) . Anyway France is the UK s most loved ski finish, The Alps are likely the most praised mountain in France, and Europe. The most noteworthy extremum is Mont Blanc, visitants in winter 60.000 per twenty-four hours. Spanish Pyrenees other than pull in with expansive extent of exercises from boosting, skiing to mountain biking. Explorer will luxuriate capturing positions and natural air, sing to insights tourers burn through 4.5 million euro in 2008. Rough Mountains in USA, 3,000 detail mis long from U.S State of New Mexico through western U.S to Canadian s British Columbia. The Rockies incorporate more than 100 mountain scopes. The most elevated point in the Rockies is Mt. Elbert, it remains at 14,433 ft. Insights says 2.7 million one-year visit ants came to Rocky Mountains in 2006 ( nps.gov ) . Urban touristry A second class of finish is the town or city. Urban touristry turning in social exercises, for example, visits to historical centers, craftsmanship exhibitions and theaters. Urban areas plea to engineering, shopping and as a relaxation movement ( J.C Holloway, 2006 ) . Urban nations offer convergence of establishments and alluring powers that are connectively situated to run into visitants and inhabitant requests. Decent variety of urban nations size, guide, area and history adds to their peculiarity ( Tourism: A Modern Synthesis, 2001 ) . Paris is one of the taking metropoliss for brief break get-aways, joining all advantages of short remain great stores and eating houses, exceptional design, quality lodgings, OK galleries ( J.C Holloway, 2006 ) . Paris inferring 23.5 million visitants yearly. Most praised alluring power is Eiffel Tower which is the most conspicuous dedication in Europe, measurements for 2002 6.2 million visitants fitting to Paris Office of Tourism. Low transoceanic money related qualities made New York famous as short interference finish, essentially for shopping as dollar dropped the incentive against lb and euro. New York City pulsates with vitality economically, socially and socially. World-class historical centers and expansive variety of shopping, feasting and delight alternatives, is one of the most visited city Centers in United States. Its most run of the mill sight, all things considered, is the Statue of Liberty the image of opportunity for 1000000s who made this city their place ( S. Davey, 2004 ) . In 2008 figure of visitants arrived at 47 million ( nycstatistics, 2010 ) . China s most popular urban tourers alluring power is Hong Kong. City is a prime tourer finish in Asia. Above lanes with individuals and traffic, smooth extravagance dress shops and five-star inns stand following to maturing apartment squares and customary Chinese stores. Hong Kong is the city that lives to eat, offering spoting burger joints past in modest supplement markets, road pens and eating houses. Statisticss for January 2008 were 2,518,566 million individuals visited the city ( Alone Planet, China, 2009 ) . Madrid capital city of Spain, situated in the chest of the state. A generally appropriated city, a worry Center, spot of the Spanish Royal Family. Incredible historical centers Prado, Reina Sofia and the Thyssen-Bornemisza, best in class spots to astounding varieties of present day Spanish picture including Picasso s Guernica. Madrilenos one of the cardinal alluring powers of capital city, sitting in the conventional café. Madrid is described by extraordinary social and imaginative action and extremely enthusiastic nightlife ( Rough Guides, Spain 2007 ) . Sing to WTO actuality and figures in 2007 around 60 1000000s worldwide tourers visited Madrid. Country Tourism Second rate class of touristry, the open country, offers distinctive get-away understanding. Provincial nations have included obviously in the improvement of touristry and recreation. For tourer wide open is dependable and offers chances, for example, climb, angling and Equus caballus equitation. Rustic touristry depends on nature touristry and agrotourism, albeit concentrated more on vegetations and fauna experience ( L. Lomine and J. Edmunds, 2007 ) . Numerous provincial nations draw in large figure of tourers, for representation Yellowstone National Park, America s first national park. Situated in Wyoming, Montana and Idaho. Most loved completion to 1000000s of visitants and extraordinary for family units. Guests can identify natural life of silvertip bears, buffalo, wolves and moose. Experience all admirations of Yellowstone National Park, most well known fountains and underground aquifers, the universe s biggest calderas with thermic qualities, froze woods and cascades. Guests c an relax boosting, bivouacing and angling ( yellowstonenationalpark.com,2007 ) . National Park Service Public Use Statistics Office says 3,295,187 visitants in 2009 contrasting with 1904 13,727. The country touristry improvement in China has become another financial developing segment. Guizhou state, spot to 17 social minorities, have created rustic touristry. Arranged in southwest China, mountains and slopes where tourers could see alone milieus, shifted geology, extraordinary conditions. China s wide open getting in excess of 300 1000000s tourer each twelvemonth sing to China National Tourism Administration. Andalucia in Spain is the southmost bit of the Iberian landmass. Andalucia is a perfect part for bivouacing, siting, strolling and mountain bicycling. Mellow clime and around 300 yearss of daylight a twelvemonth, with wide indigenous habitat ( Rough Guide, Spain 2007 ) . 17 % place that is known for Andalucia has been affirmed Nature Parks. Provincial touristry industry offers eco-the travel industry ( andalucia.com 2008 ) . 8.1 million tourers visited Andalucia during the third one-fourth of 2009, 10.8 % not exactly a similar one-fourth in 2008. ( UNWTO ) Gallic can be pleased with their rustic touristry in Ardeche south France. The Ardeche is a quick streaming waterway that has cut limited crevasses making stunning ordinance. Ardeche has a sensational cragged easing with incredible positions and lovely recorded unassuming communities. District has a goods to offer for rustic tourers from awesome landscape that you wont cover, caverns and exhibition halls to gastronomy and highlight exercises ( Lonely Planet, France 2009 ) . Measurements expressing 350000 individuals visited Ardeche River ( UNWTO ) . Choice Inspiration factors are distinctive for every tourer, assorted variety of approaches to make finish each piece great as engaging components which persuade visit

The Monster in Eli Roths Hostel

The Monster in Eli Roths Hostel Free Online Research Papers He got up in a dull, moist room that had all the earmarks of being a storm cellar. Josh had not even an inkling where he was. â€Å"Where the fuck am I?† he continued roaring. At last a man expelled the burlap sack covering Josh’s face. â€Å"You, goodness God, gracious Shit!† Josh perceived the man from the train ride to Slovakia. Josh argued â€Å"Please, if you don't mind I didn’t do anything to you!† The man in the old-style executioner’s outfit was delighted by his victim’s mental and passionate anguish. Josh begged this dull figure to release him. â€Å"I had for a long while been itching to be a surgeon† the man said as he made sure about a surgical blade. He at that point offered to open the entryway. Prior to unfastening his casualty, the man utilized the surgical tool to cut both of Josh’s Achilles’ ligaments. The killer was charmed to see Josh wriggle to the entryway; deserting him two unmistakable path of blood. What precisely had Josh done to merit this? What wrongdoing had he submitted? Josh was an American, and his killer had the money to pay for his life. In Eli Roth’s Hostel, a wrongdoing coop known as â€Å"Elite Hunting† works out of a post-Soviet country. The association supports an extremely contorted type of subjection. Tip top individuals may buy people and murder them in any capacity they please. They simply appear at a relinquished industrial facility, pay for a casualty, and have their way with the victim’s life. It’s not excessively straightforward however, as specific individuals cost more than others. For example, an European casualty costs not as much as state, a Japanese casualty. Imports are somewhat pricier than domestics. Is really upsetting that Americans cost the most. The interest to execute an American is higher than the interest to slaughter some other sort of individual. While you can torment an Asian for $10,000, to do likewise to an American expenses $25,000. This is an unmistakable image for the manner by which Americans are seen by the world. Take for example a 2005 world study led in 25 countries including the U.S. The study demonstrated that 75 percent of the respondents opposed how our pioneers in Washington had managed Iraq. Most of the 26,381 respondents likewise opposed the way five other international strategy territories had been dealt with. This incorporated the U.S. government’s managing Iran’s atomic weapons program, a dangerous atmospheric devation, and the military jail in Guantanamo Bay. This overview is a presentation of the present aversion for the U.S. what's more, its government’s arrangement. In Jeffrey Jerome Cohen’s Monster Theory, Cohen portrays the monster’s body as that of culture: â€Å"The beast is brought into the world just at this allegorical junction, as an encapsulation of a specific social snapshot of time, a believing a place† (Cohen 4). At the end of the day, th is beast, this serious aversion for the American individuals, follows its inceptions to sentiments of hatred and fury towards the U.S. government’s ongoing strategies, particularly that of the war in Iraq. Some may contend that the top dog executioners in Hostel pay more for Americans simply because they are imported from abroad, yet I fight that that the significant expense of Americans is expected to the world’s perspective on the American individuals. In a study found on individuals press.org led in nine nations including France, Germany, and Turkey, these nations demonstrated expanding faith in two years that the U.S. was over-responding to psychological warfare. Another review found on a similar site indicated that most European countries oppose the United States utilizing power in Iraq without United Nation’s endorsement. There is an evident solid, ominous assessment of the United States. The beast in Hostel, at that point, is a social emergency. One must inquire as to whether the activities and choices of the United States’ government have caused the Americans to show up as beasts to the European individuals. As indicated by an article by Brian Eno on time.com, most Europeans see Americans as dumb, self-important, and oblivious. Eno says of the American individuals, â€Å"I could fill this page with names of Americans who have affected, engaged, and taught me. They speak to what I respect about America: an enthusiastic inventiveness of thought, and a certainty that things can be improved. That was the America that I lived in and appreciated from 1978 to 1983.† Eno proceeded in his article, â€Å"That America was a demonstration of trust the confidence that (otherness) was not undermining however supporting, the confidence that there could be a nation large enough in soul to welcome and sustain all the decent variety the world could toss at it.† E no accepts the U.S. has taken a declining course since September 11: â€Å"But since Sept. 11, that vision has been overshadowed by a dubious, thoughtful America†¦. The gated community†¦. Intended to keep the (others) out, it breaks up the rich trap of society into an arbitrary bunching of disengaged people. It transforms neurosis and seclusion into a lifestyle.† It is hard to set aside Eno’s contentions for the manner in which other first-world countries take a gander at us. In the wake of building up itself as a politically influential nation after WWII, the U.S. turned out to be increasingly more OK with utilizing military power. Vietnam and the Gulf War are two instances of our administration utilizing military power higgledy piggledy. Our present battle is ostensibly unjustified and makes our administration look stupid. You see the suspicion of our kin at air terminals. How frequently have you felt anxious when sitting close to an Arabic individual on a plane? Brian Eno makes essential focuses with respect to where the abhorrence for America originates from. Be that as it may, we should inquire as to whether the U.S. what's more, American individuals merit being the objective of this European abhorring. In Hostel, for instance, there is a scene when the two American characters are in a club in Amsterdam. They get into a battle with a Swedish man and are accompanied out of the club by a bouncer. The mammoth Dane mumbles something in the way of â€Å"fucking Americans† as he tosses them to the road. It is extremely regular for Americans making a trip abroad to face such provocation. In numerous cases, however, it is brought upon by us. Americans, for example, the two from the film, regularly act presumptuous and pompous and neglect to regard where they are at. The beast in Hostel is the extraordinary disdain and disturb the U.S. gets from the remainder of the cultivated world. In Roth’s film we see this repulsive and terrible beast develop into demonstrations of abhorrence that even the S.S. of Nazi Germany would dislike. You see this beast according to the torturers’ faces as they take extraordinary consideration not to slaughter their over-valued, American, creature bitches too rapidly. It plainly costs more for an American in light of the fact that the executioners get more fulfillment from it. Hostel’s beast is a social one. It was given life by means of the manner by which the U.S. settles on choices and the activities of our administration. The response by the remainder of the world must be an immense one. The United States is a politically influential nation and has been since World War II. Along these lines and our advances in military innovation, Americans are managed the advantage of being powerless and delicate. We don’t need to watch the news around evening time. We don’t need to stress over going under assault. We were refuted on Sept. 11, however our legislature responded in the incorrect way. Our leader even blamed the assault so as to assemble powers into Iraq. These activities were all bungles and the world perceives that. Our bogus faculties of security and prevalence have caused us over become inconsiderate, presumptuous, and oblivious. This has become such an issue, that our partners are beginning to betray us. We needed help from both France and Germany when entering Iraq. The U.S. felt that it didn’t need U.N. endorsement to free Iraq. These activities made Hostel’s beast. It might be said, we are the moms and fathers of this beast. 18 February 2007. news.bbc.co.uk/2/hello there/americas/6286755.htm 19 February 2007. http://individuals press.org/reports/display.php3?ReportID=206 Eno, Brian. â€Å"The U.S. Requirements to Open Up to the World† 12 Jan. 2003 time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,407288,00.html Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. â€Å"Monster Culture.† Monster Theory. Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996. 3-6. Lodging. Dir. Eli Roth. Perf. Jay Hernandez, Derek Richardson, Rich Hoffman. Lion’s Gate Films, 2006. Research Papers on The Monster in Eli Roth’s HostelCapital PunishmentThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Influences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPETSTEL examination of IndiaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsHip-Hop is ArtComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

What to Expect in Graduate School

What's in store in Graduate School You prepared and looked for encounters to build a strong master's level college application. Through difficult work, passing marks, a strong GRE score, heavenly letters of suggestion, and innumerable graduate school interviews, you won admission to aâ program. Set yourself up for whats next including quite a while of extreme research, contemplating, and proficient development. How is graduate school truly? Here are five things to expect as an alumni student.â 1. Successful Graduate Students are Autonomous Graduate school is less organized than school. It requires free reasoning and the activity to make sense of things all alone. You may need to pick your own counsel. It will be up to you, with a little direction, to cut out a zone of research and discover a proposition or paper subject. You will likewise need to network and make proficient contacts which will be fundamental to progressing in your field and finding a new line of work after graduation. New graduate understudies frequently trust that somebody will guide them. For achievement in graduate school, be set up to assume responsibility for your own instruction. 2. Graduate School isn't Like Undergrad Doctoral and experts programs are not at all like school. In the event that youre considering graduate school on the grounds that youre doing admirably in school and appreciate school, know that graduate school will probably be altogether different than the last at least 16 years of school youve experienced. Graduate study, particularly at the doctoral level, resembles an apprenticeship. Rather than sitting in class for a few hours per day and afterward being free, graduate school is progressively similar to an occupation that possesses the entirety of your time. Youll spend a lot of your time taking a shot at inquire about in your consultant or guides lab. 3. Graduate School Means Research While school revolved around classes, graduate school bases on look into. Indeed, youll take courses, yet the reason for doctoral instruction is to figure out how to direct research. The accentuation is on figuring out how to accumulate data and build information autonomously. As a specialist or educator, quite a bit of your activity will comprise of social occasion materials, perusing, pondering what youve read, and planning studies to test your thoughts. Graduate school, particularly doctoral training, is regularly groundwork for a profession in investigate. 4. Doctoral Study Takes Time A doctoral program is regularly a five-to eight-year duty. Typically, the principal year is the most organized year with classes and loads of perusing. Most understudies are required to breeze through a lot of thorough tests at different focuses in their program so as to proceed. 5. The Dissertation Determines Your Final Outcome The doctoral thesis is the reason for winning a Ph.D. Youll invest a lot of energy looking for a proposition theme and counselor, and afterward finding out about your point to set up your paper proposition. When the proposition is acknowledged by your paper panel (ordinarily made out of five employees that you and your counselor have picked dependent on their insight into the field), youre allowed to start your exploration study. Youll plug away for a considerable length of time or regularly years until youve directed your examination, made a few ends, and reviewed everything. After youve completed, youll set up your exposition guard: an introduction of your examination to your thesis council where youll answer questions and protect the legitimacy of your work. On the off chance that all works out in a good way, youll leave with another title and some uncommon letters behind your name: Ph.D.

Aspects of Literary History: Spring and Summer Terms 2008 Essay

Welcome to the Aspects of Literary History course. This is an eager course with various separate however entwined strands: 1) The course will acquaint you with a portion of the key ideas of abstract history. 2) The course will sanction abstract history by inspecting the historical backdrop of a specific method of composing from its Greek starting points through the seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, twenty and twenty-first hundreds of years. You will be solicited to think in wording from explicit scholarly authentic periods. 3) The course will make you progressively acquainted with the perusing and deciphering of verse, with specific consideration regarding improving your abilities in close perusing. 4) The course will look at peaceful verse from its causes in the Greek Idylls, its scattering through Roman models and its enhancement into numerous structures: the requiem, the nation house sonnet, the adoration verse, the sonnet of reflection, the philosophical sonnet, the nature sonnet and the parody. 5) The course will concentrate generally on the peaceful not just in light of the fact that it gives the starting mode to these various structures but since it is the result of a particular political and social culture: a tip top structure created initially in a slave culture (Greek) and dispersed through another slave culture (Roman). This will give you the reason for considering the authentic contextualization of the peaceful as a structure. 6) How have later English artists †from the seventeenth century onwards †utilized the political and social entailments of the peaceful structure? How have they extended it by the presentation of a Christian substance? How have American writers utilized the structure because of the colonization of the New World, a procedure seen by many (at that point and in this way) through the methods for the peaceful? 7) The examination of peaceful will empower you to attempt the most unobtrusive characteristic scholarly chronicled investigation, the most aspiring and the most going extraneous abstract authentic examination and the best mix of inherent and outward modes. The Aspects of Literary History course will be instructed by talk and class in the spring term and the mid year term. You will utilize the Aspects of Literary History course peruser for arrangement and for workshop conversation. The sonnets for conversation in the talks and in the classes are totally imprinted in the course peruser and the course supplement. The talks for the course will be held in Chichester Lecture Theater on Mondays 12-1. The classes for the course will happen later in the week. It would be ideal if you check the timetable for your individual mentor and for the hour of your workshop. There are four optional writings we would likewise like you to peruse during this course: Paul Alpers’ What Is Pastoral?, Raymond Williams’ The Country and the City, Jonathan Bate’s The Song of the Earth and Chris Fitter’s Poetry, Space, Landscape. There are various duplicates of these in short advance and you ought to have the option to peruse these during the get-away and throughout the spring and summer terms. You can acquire short advance books over the relax and restore on-line. Basic optional material is accessible in the Reserve Collection or in the Artsfac part of the Reserve Collection. [Ask at the Reserve Collection Counter: this material is put away under the name of the course convenor, Alistair Davies]. The course strand will bolster the talk arrangement by guaranteeing that you have gotten a handle on the scholarly recorded subject of the week (definitions and data are set out in the peruser). However, it will work chiefly a) to improve your certainty and expertise in understanding verse and b) to support you [if you wish] to investigate your own inventive reaction in verse to the subjects and subjects of the course. We trust that you will turn out to be progressively capable, increasingly creative and increasingly confident perusers of verse. Your composed course work will be two 1000 word course work articles [20% each]. We are planning to urge you to be compact, engaged and clear in your composition. You will have the chance, in the event that you wish, to submit one bit of exploratory writing out of two bits of composed work for the course. Make sure to check your composed neutralize the standards set out in the ‘Feedback and How to Make Use of It’ report you were given last term. To underline the significance we join to your innovativeness, we cause you to notice subtleties of the Stanmer Prize on page 4 of the course peruser. You can peruse the sonnets created by past champs on the English site. The course will likewise be analyzed by a concealed in the late spring term [60%]. You will be required to remark intently on three sonnets or entries of sonnets in manners that ponder the abstract authentic themes shrouded in the course. You can counsel past assessment papers through the Sussex site. You will discover underneath a point by point plan of the course. You will have the option to perceive how talks set you up for workshops in every week; and you will have the option to design your work for the course from the earliest starting point as far as possible of the course. We trust that you will discover this course educational and charming. In the event that you have any inquiries, don't spare a moment to contact your course mentor or the course convenor, Dr Alistair Davies [H.A.Davies@sussex.ac.uk] The course will be instructed in the accompanying request [the request in which it is set out in the course reader]: Week 1:Genre and Conventions The principal address by Professor Norman Vance will concentrate on Milton’s Lycidas and Paradise Lost and will investigate Milton’s utilization of old style genre(s) and shows. Plan for the talk by perusing the ‘Genre and Conventions’, ‘The Origins of the Pastoral’ and ‘the Pastoral Elegy’ segments of the course peruser and the segment of the Aspects Course Supplement. Week 1: Norman Vance: ‘Pastoral Genre and Convention: Milton’s Lycidas and Paradise Lost In your first course, you will concentrate on two sonnets †Herrick’s ‘To Daffodils’ (p.33) and Elizabeth Bishop’s ‘North Haven’ (p.5). What are the nonexclusive constituents of Herrick’s sonnet? What makes Bishop’s sonnet an) a peaceful funeral poem and b) how can it vary as a cutting edge peaceful epitaph from Milton’s Renaissance peaceful requiem? Paul Alpers’ investigation of peaceful refered to in the course peruser will be useful here. You may wish to peruse Alpers’ conversation of Lycidas in What is Pastoral [there are duplicates of this for possible later use and in short advance; duplicates too in Artsfac]. We start with peaceful and we will concentrate on peaceful; yet one presupposition we will investigate in the course is that the peaceful idyll gives the grid out of which the requiem, the adoration sonnet, the sonnet of philosophical reflection, the abstract verse, the affection sonnet, the pa rody and the nature sonnet are created inside the western and inside the English custom. Week 2: Intertextuality. The subsequent talk will be given by Professor Andrew Hadfield and will concentrate on Jonson’s To Penshurst. Get ready for the talk by re-perusing Virgil’s first eclogue and Horace’s second epode in the course peruser. You will discover To Penshurst in the course peruser (pp.29-31). Peruse the ‘Intertextuality’ segment of the course peruser, pp.26-32. Week 2: Andrew Hadfield: ‘Intertextuality: Ben Jonson’s ‘To Penshurst and the Country-House Poem’ For your workshop, read Yeats’ ‘Coole Park, 1929’ and Walcott’s ‘Ruins of a Great House’ in the course peruser (pp.31-32). How does Yeats identify with Jonson; how does Walcott identify with Yeats (who was a significant early impact)? What does it educate us regarding history and about the historical backdrop of writing that an artist of the English renaissance, an Irish artist of the 1920s and a Caribbean artist of post-war period should utilize a structure set up by Roman artists in the primary century BC. What are the connections between peaceful, the nation house sonnet and realm? Week 3/: Literature and Social Change The third talk of the term will be given by Dr Sophie Thomas on the subject of the eighteenth century prospect sonnet. Week 3: Dr Sophie Thomas: Politics, Poetics and Landscape For this talk, Sophie Thomas will investigate the changing methods of the possibility sonnet in works by Pope, Gray, Cowper and Smith imprinted in the course peruser (pp.36-45) and Wordsworth’s Tintern Abbey imprinted on pages 47-48. If you don't mind read the area Literature and Social Change, pp.33-48 of the course peruser. In her talk, Sophie Thomas will investigate the purported prospect sonnet, bringing up issues about the class and the sex position of the watcher and about the various manners by which nature is re-introduced. If you don't mind, kindly read cautiously Gray’s ‘Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College.’ In your class, your guide will either concentrate on at least one of the sonnets by Gray, Cowper and Smith in the peruser. How significant is it to consider the sexual orientation of the writers talked about? Does a female essayist have an alternate feeling of the ownership of a scene to a male author? Week 4: Literature and Social Change The fourth talk of the term will be given by Dr Sophie Thomas. If you don't mind get ready by perusing the sonnets by Wordsworth and Coleridge in the course peruser, pp. 45-48. Week 4: Dr Sophie Thomas: The Landscape of the Imagination: Wordsworth and Coleridge In your course, you will peruse Wordsworth’s Tintern Abbey (p.47). How does the custom of the peaceful sonnet empower the writer to compose here a sonnet of brain research, a sonnet of philosophical reflection and a sonnet of relationship [remember it is routed to the poet’s sister]. Despite the fact that it is composed [for us] in elevated expression, this was composed for instance of a structure Coleridge and Wordsworth respected, the supposed conversational sonnet. Obviously, The Prelude is one, long conversational sonnet. Week 5: Research Break

How GAD Might Influence Your Health Anxiety

How GAD Might Influence Your Health Anxiety GAD Symptoms Print How GAD Might Influence Your Health Anxiety By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 04, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 21, 2019 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Tom Merton / Getty Images Health anxiety refers to fear related to developing a dangerous health problem or already having one. In those with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), this fear can be persistent and hard to let go, even after medical tests show nothing is wrong and the doctor has reassured you that your health is fine. Health anxiety is also known by other names such as hypochondriasis, somatization disorder, or illness anxiety disorder. All these illnesses are related in that there is a fear of something being terribly wrong with your body. Connection to GAD If you have GAD and worry about your health, you might find yourself up at night, researching on the Internet. You might recognize symptoms that you have and think that you have a terrible disease like cancer or other health issues like heart disease. Things like headaches and other symptoms that can occur due to anxiety might be misinterpreted as something else. You might feel like the doctors are missing something, and so you keep asking for more tests and seeking more reassurance. Why Health Anxiety Is a Problem While being on top of your health is important, its also important to do so in a reasonable manner. Health anxiety crosses that boundary because no amount of testing, checking, or reassuring will ever make you feel as though things will be okay. In essence, until you actually contract some terrible disease, your mind will never be at rest. Thats no way to live. You might find yourself focused too much on your body,  such as your rate of breathing or your heartbeat. You might notice changes in your skin and think the worst. Headaches or stomachaches might cause you to seek reassurance that they are not a sign of something lurking. If you hear about a disease on the news, you might worry you will be the next to get it. Symptoms that tend to cause the most fear include changes in vision, heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and balance. What Your Doctor Doesnt Know About Health Anxiety Additionally, if you continue to visit your doctor with no end in sight and your doctor is not knowledgeable about health anxiety, you may never receive the mental health treatment that you need. Well-meaning doctors may do things that actually make your health anxiety worse, such as telling you to stop reading up on side effects or to stay off the internet. They may also agree to do special tests. These actions make your health anxiety worse for two reasons: When you stop learning about the illnesses that you fear, they grow bigger and more dangerous in your mind. Lack of information can contribute to fear.When your doctor does test after test to assuage your fears, he only proves to you that there is something wrong that needs continued testing to identify. In essence, when you have health anxiety, your mind keeps sounding an alarm about your body that you cant seem to turn off. Your doctor needs to be aware of this issue and treat it carefully. Here are some tips for managing health anxiety with the help of medical professionals: Rule out Physical Problems First, do your best, with the help of your doctor, to rule out physical problems. It might be helpful to gather health information from your relatives as well so that you can assess your risk of different illnesses. With that information, your doctor will be able to recommend what to watch for and what tests might be appropriate. For example, excessive thirst and changes in vision are signs of diabetes. If you have these symptoms and family history, it is reasonable to test for this disease. See a Therapist Once all medical testing is complete, and with a plan for any ongoing check-ups, let it go. Uncertainty is what causes your fear. Be certain that at this moment, it is reasonable to assume that you have no dreaded disease. Now, if your health anxiety persists, ask your doctor about seeing a therapist. While it may be tempting to call your doctor for reassurance each time your anxiety flares, seeing a therapist will have better long-term results. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Receive Treatment Ideally, your therapist will provide treatment such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Through this therapy, you will learn how thoughts affect how you feel and behave. You will learn that it is not your physical symptoms, but how you interpret them, that creates your anxiety. And you will learn how to correct those irrational thoughts. Get Help From the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups Research In a random telephone survey of 5118 Chinese respondents aged 18 to 64, it was found that people with both GAD and health anxiety tended to be older, less educated, and had lower family income. People with health anxiety were also shown to have more mistrust of doctors. This shows that educating yourself may be important in fighting against health anxiety, but also that lack of trust of doctors may fuel some of your worries. Relationship With Your Doctor While  doctors need to be aware of those with health anxiety, it is also important that your doctor is not dismissive of your concerns. You shouldnt be given labels as a bad patient. As much as it may be frustrating for your doctor to sympathize with your constant worries, a good doctor will be firm but also understanding. A good doctor will also exhibit the following qualities: Encourages you to ask questions and research, but also shares with you when your research is wrong or when your fears are unreasonableTells you to become familiar with how you react to stress and to learn the symptoms of anxiety so that you can distinguish these from symptoms of physical illness. As there is overlap, they can be hard to tell apart sometimes.Might say to you, So if you did have [terrible disease], what would that mean? Its important to talk about your fears and get them out in the open so that they dont grow and fester.Encourages  you to stop checking on your health so often and stop seeking reassurance beyond a reasonable pointShares with you the odds of you actually getting various diseases, so you can see that they are very lowEncourages you to pursue healthy lifestyle habits such as eating well and exercisingTells you that complete certainty and safety are never guaranteed, but that life must go on A Word From Verywell Health anxiety overlapping with generalized anxiety disorder can be a source of great distress. Your best options for managing this type of anxiety are to rule out physical concerns in a reasonable way, seek mental health treatment if appropriate, and find a doctor who is sympathetic to your unique set of issues.

Hardly Joyous Servitude in Hardy and Joyce - Literature Essay Samples

Both James Joyces Eveline and Thomas Hardys The Sons Veto express the negative effects that service has upon an individuals life. While Joyce uses an intimate obligation, a promise to a dying mother, Hardys story addresses a wider cultural restriction that is created by social class systems. This paper will explore the disdain felt by both authors towards the obligation of an individual to serve others. Both stories contain a crippling of sorts. The Sons Veto centers on a woman, Sophy, who, while dutifully serving the vicar, Mr. Twycott, injures her ankle and has her mobility restricted for life. Since she was forbidden to walk and bustle about, and indeed, could not do so, it became her duty to leave (616) Her injury is not discussed with compassion at first. It is her duty to leave. Hardys language depicts service to the house before consideration of such social compassion as asking for a form of workers compensation. The novels connection between service and its negative effects foreshadows the later crippling of her ability to marry out of joy due to her sons wishes. Even in her first marriage, Sophy is unable to express free will due to her servile position. No, Sophy; lame or not lame, I cannot let you go. You must never leave me again' (616). It is not her choice to get married; alas, she marries anyway. Not because marriage will help her financial status, but instead because of the fact that she had a respect for him which almost amounted to veneration (Broadview, pg. 616). Sophys respect comes from her position as his inferior. As the serving class, she has been crippled. Joyce constructs the character Eveline in a similar manner to Hardys Sophy. The collection in which she appears, Dubliners, emphasizes Joyces conception of Dublin as a place of paralysis. Yet, even in the storys introduction, Eveline appears as a girl whom has had her decision making abilities crippled. There was a time when she could play in the fields but then a man from Belfast bo ught the field and built houses on it (20). Even when the field was still present, her father would interrupt the games by chasing them down with his blackthorn stick. Her inability to make decisions is coupled with the physical threat of her father in this scene where service to the economy has trampled the individuals enjoyment of the land.Furthermore, Evelines agency is restricted by her familys needs. Her mother has passed away and her father has begun to drink heavily. His behavior forces her to always give her entire wages-seven shillings to feed the family (21). Even then, when Eveline has abandoned any possibility of using her money for her own advancement, she must argue with her father and, only at the last minute, hurry out on Saturday night to shop for the family. She has been economically handicapped, much like Sophy with her ankle. Significantly, Sophys ankle is not the last of her troubles. Upon her husbands death, her son refuses to let her marry an old acquaintance, Sam, because of the cultural stain it would place upon him as a gentleman. He forces her to swear to God and claims I owe this to my father (621). Not only does he prevent her from marrying a man that cares for her, but also, Randolph manages to become crippled himself. He, the priest, who by position is supposed to be a beacon of light, appears black as a cloud at his mothers funeral (621). His final appearance symbolizes the darkness that he has driven into his soul. He has lost his father and his love for his mother a long time ago and now the effects of serving his social class and his fathers name have blackened him with evil. In comparison, Eveline after deciding to hold true her promise to keep the home together as long as she could as her deceased mother instructed, appears ghost-like. She appears paralyzed or dead with her white facepassive, like a helpless animal. Her eyes (giving him) no sign of love or farewell or recognition (23). She is corpselike due to her service o f her mothers last wishes. Eveline could have left for financial stability and love and the tropics but instead she is held behind as if her mothers cold, dead hand had reached up from the grave to keep her there.Both Hardy and Joyce manage to demonstrate the negative effects of service on an individuals ability to dream. Both main characters dream of marriage and stability and a more positive life. However, their position of social, financial, and emotional servitude restricts their ability to pursue that happiness. Both novels suggest that it is only through liberation from servitude to others that the individual can achieve true freedom.

Revelation through Experience in Heart of Darkness, Going...

Revelation through Experience in Heart of Darkness, Going After Cacciato, and The Things They Carried Foreign lands seemingly possessed by evil spirits as well as evil men, ammunition stockpiles, expendable extremities and splintered, non-expendable limbs carpeting the smoking husks of burnt-out villages, the intoxicating colors of burning napalm, and courage mixed with cowardice in the face of extreme peril. These are just a few examples of the spell-binding images presented in the novels read in the class entitled The Literature of War at Wabash College. These images and their accompanying stories do far more than fill the mind with fantastic ideas of war and heroism; they force the reader into uncomfortable situations†¦show more content†¦During battle and wartime, in the experience stage, all of the frivolous emotions and concerns are melted away as this newly realized proximity to death brings a new appreciation for life and the truly important things. The things that truly matter to a man may vary and some of them, such as love, fear, comfort, and compassion, are in tangible. And yet it is these intangible things and not direct orders from a commander that drive a man onward during war. Unfortunately, war not only reveals the innermost truths of a man’s character, it also destroys his capacity for leading a normal life upon his return home. Once a man has confronted his personal demons and come to some sort of understanding regarding his place in the universe and the inevitability of death, he has an extremely difficult time acclimating himself to civilian life once the war ends. Of all the novels read in War Literature, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and two Tim O’Brien novels: Going After Cacciato and The Things They Carried, best illustrate the inability of a soldier to deal with his original settings after returning from war. By studying the actions of Marlow, Paul Berlin, and Tim O’Brien (both the author and the character) after they leave the war, it is clear that they each use their own unique war expe riences to deal with

Elizabethan Clothes and Costumes - 703 Words

The people who lived during the Elizabethan Era were not allowed to wear whatever they like or desired. Their Fashion choices had to be followed by a strict law! The English people chose to establish social classes by the colors they wore and this had an affect on costumes used in theatre. Queen Elizabeth I followed the sumptuary laws, which was only certain classes were consent to wear specific fabric and colors. Therefore in plays the actors could only wear certain colors for their costumes that displayed what role and class their character was in. The clothes worn during this era was a result of Queen Elizabeth’s sumptuary laws, which had an affect on costumes used in plays, and each color a person wore had a significant meaning.†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Everyone who lived during the Elizabethan Era knew these laws and failure to follow them resulted in fines, lose of property, title, and life† (Elizabethan Costume). Since in English society clothing was a huge factor it ended up affecting costumes that were used in theatre. Next, actors had to abide by the sumptuary laws even while performing on stage. Therefore the second a performer walked onto the stage the audience could tell their role in the play just by looking at the color of the costume. â€Å"The Material and Fabric also had a similar effect,† the audience could tell what class the character was in by the quality of their costume and also it gave important information on that individual’s role (Elizabethan Actors). â€Å"Queen Elizabeth I had to give actors special licenses† to wear upper class clothes to fit their character or position (Globe Theatre Costume). When nobility or upper class people would come to see a play they would say it was like a double fashion show. The fabric and color of a person’s garments represented different pieces of information about them and since clothing was part of society and law everyone knew what the color or material meant. Lastly, each color, during this era, had a meaning and also represented which class a person was in. â€Å"Elizabethan clothing, material, and fabrics used in Elizabethan Era was extremely important† because clothes represented more than just how you looked it demonstrated yourShow MoreRelatedRenaissance Fashion Essay827 Words   |  4 Pagesrecognized for their clothing. Clothes determined someone’s status and reflected people’s social standing (Alchin, â€Å"Upper Class†). The upper class was known for their fabulous clothes, while the lower class was known for their simple homemade clothes. Since clothes were very important to the people of the Renaissance it became a status symbol during the Middle Ages (Camargo). Since clothes became a status symbol, the upper and lower classes were not allowed to wear the same clothes or clothing made of theRead MoreEssay Film Adaptation of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet896 Words   |  4 Pageslove story into a contemporary modern world so audiences today can access and understand the universal themes of the play in a familiar environment. One way Baz Luhrmann modernises the original text by Shakespeare is by replacing Elizabethan swords with the modern day guns. At the gas station scene, Capulet men say: draw if you be men. Lord Capulet states: Hand me my long sword and Benvolio shouts: put down your swords for you know not what you do. The gunsRead MoreEssay about The Elizabethan Era674 Words   |  3 Pages The Elizabethan era lasted from 1550-1625, it was a time of great change in English culture. â€Å"For perhaps the first time in history, man viewed his recent past with contempt, dismissing the Middle Ages, somewhat unfairly, as a hopelessly backward period.† (Kemper 67). Queen Elizabeth I ruled from 1558-1602. Queen Elizabeth drastically changed the design of clothing. She created new sumptuary laws that stated who could wear what distinct colors and articles of clothing. The Elizabethan era wasRead MoreEssay on Clothes and Fashion of the Elizabethan Era1050 Words   |  5 PagesOf all aspects of Elizabethan culture, the most distinctive is probably the clothing and fashion. A lot of the clothing varied to whether they were a member of the nobility, upper class or the poor. But even if a women or man was wealthy or poor, they were not allowed to wear whatever they wanted. It was a highly fashioned age that prized a look that was artificial, elaborate, and striking. The style of clothing of the Elizabethan Era are easily recognizable today and popular with designers of historicRead MoreFashion During the Elizabethan Era Essay1243 Words   |  5 Pages Have you ever wondered what people in the Elizabethan Era wore? Fashion was just as important in those days as it is to some people today. What people were wearing mattered to others, and even the government. During the Elizabethan Era clothing, accessories, and cosmetics were all a part of daily life. During the Elizabethan Era, there were a set of rules controlling which classes could wear which clothing called the Sumptuary Laws. The Sumptuary Laws controlled the colors and types of clothingRead MoreThe Globe Theater, Home of Many of Shakespeares Plays Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pageshad brought before them. Shakespeare’s plays became enjoyable and fun to watch, seeing actors dress in amazing costumes and props used in The Globe Theater. (1-1) The Globe Theater Architecture based on the structures similar to The Coliseum in Ancient Rome. Architecture on a grand size would house a capacity between 1500 to 3000 people. Classic Greek and Romans admired by the Elizabethans and sometimes great columns included the architecture. The Globe Theater design reflected the elements of RomanRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Analysis780 Words   |  4 Pagesit relevant to new contexts helping the viewer understand the play. The directors who made a production of Romeo and Juliet recontextualise Romeo and Juliet from their point of view, therefore, Zeffirelli recontextualised Romeo and Juliet in the Elizabethan era. The Baz Luhrmann production Romeo + Juliet shows Romeo and Juliet in a more modern era recontextualising the play by using modern language, props, and a modern setting by doing so the audience can understand Romeo and Juliet better. MoreoverRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Movie Analysis848 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mere fact that they die d. The deaths are each meaningful, contributing to the moral whereas the special effects and explosive scenes are purely for money and not to address the meaning of Shakespeare’s work. By using modern costumes instead of Elizabethan style costumes the director ends up portraying the capulets and montagues as ignorant common criminals and gangsters instead of two powerful rival families. This is shown when Mercutio cross-dresses as a woman and comes already on ecstasy atRead MorePortrayal Of Women During The Elizabethan Period1656 Words   |  7 Pagesteaching and taking care of the children at home, cleaning the house, and cooking and having food ready for the husbands when they come home after work. As evidence of characterization of female characters in Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the Elizabethan period had a lack of respect for women, but Shakespeare changed it by having powerful, strong and independent female characters, like Lady Macbeth. Throughout history, women have not had the same amount of right and respect as the men. â€Å"WomenRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Movie Analysis852 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mere fact that they died. The deaths are each meaningful, contributing to the moral whereas the special effects and explosive scenes are purely for money and not to address the meaning of Shakespeare’s work. By using modern costumes instead of Elizabethan style costumes the director ends up portraying the Capulets and Montagues as ignorant common criminals and gangsters instead of two powerful rival families. This is shown when Mercutio cross-dresses as a woman and comes already under the influence

Medicaid s Plan And Affordable Care Act - 1380 Words

The Medicaid in first place was created as safety net. It was created by President Johnson to help with medical services and make wider services for people of all ages (LBJ, 2012). He promised people that it would improve healthcare for Americans. It was created as a program that helped people deal with their medical cost if their income and resources were limited. Unlike Medicare, this program was created to help with more long-term and personal care services (CMS, 2015). It was created to help people with more everyday kind of service, more detailed and more specific. Mainly was there in first place to help and support Americans with low-income, and later on lot more guidelines and changes began happening to Medicaid. Medicaid’s plan†¦show more content†¦In these services they would usually be offered help with activities of daily life, such as eating or bathing. Some home services also give them other benefits such as residential services, personal care or case management. To give more open details on experiences of Medicaid beneficiaries who need home and communities based services Musumeci and Reaves discuss nine seniors who are disabled and who live in different states. Those include people with different kind of disabilities which can be either developmental, physical or intellectual and issues such as autism, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis and their functional limitations that are there because they aged (Musumeci Reaves, 2014). Based on interview that were given from these people to the Kaiser Commission in 2013 based on Medicaid and uninsured, these peoples’ profiles clearly show us how beneficiaries funds, well-being, status of their employment are affected by the coverage of Medicaid and the role these services play in their daily lives (Musumeci Reaves, 2014). In the last years states are trying to work on rebalancing long-term care system by dedicating more spending to home and community care rather than institutional care. The reason is this being the efforts that are driven by beneficiaries who are

My Personal Values Of My Life - 1951 Words

I have many values of which have been acquired over the time of my life. Most of which are influenced by my mom and dad as they raised me. Of the values I value the most are kindness, being considerate of others, cherishing family and friends, and giving respect where it is due. As I have stated before, the source of these values are from being taught them as I grew up. They have been put into me from my mom, her mom, and my dad. As I grew up, my parents would teach me what to or not to usually do in certain situations and why they were that way and why I should do it as they said I should. Because of these lessons they taught me, of which I still use in life till today, I find myself to be a somewhat good person. An example of this is me being generally kind to just about everyone I meet, which also includes trying my best to be considerate of others. If I am playing music, I try my best to not have it too loud so it doesn’t bother other people, and to not get in the way of p eople incase if they are in a hurry for something important. Also, I like to be kind to people and try my very best to make people happy. I would probably say that is one of my bigger ones. I like to keep people happy, even though I may not always succeed, which ties in with my other goal of trying my very best at everything that I do. Hard work usually pays off very well, even if the reward is delayed. And another value, of which I usually don’t have to try too hard at, is being optimistic, and beingShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Values: Professional Ethics Are the Foundation of Social Work1798 Words   |  7 PagesA career in Social Work requires conviction to personal values that reflect and uphold the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Code of Ethics. Professional ethics are the foundation of social work, as the trade has an innate obligation to endorse ethical principles and basic values to advocate for the wellness of others. The core values adopted by all soci al workers, as distinguished by NASW, are service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationshipsRead MoreCultural Values Essay example1059 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The purpose of this paper is to examine how personal, organizational, and cultural values affect decision making in my personal and professional life. My cultural, organizational and personal values represent my beliefs and traditions of my cultural environment. Through my research, I examined values and based them on how important they are within my personal, organizational, work, and cultural lifestyle. Based on the research, I came to the conclusion knowing the foundational elementsRead MoreEssay about The Effects of Values on Decision Making1022 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Values on Decision Making The purpose of this paper is to examine how personal, organizational, and cultural values affect decision making in my personal and professional life. My cultural, organizational and personal values represent my beliefs and traditions of my cultural environment. Through my research, I examined values and based them on how important they are within my personal, organizational, work, and cultural lifestyle. Based on the research, I came to the conclusionRead MoreMy Personal Values Of An Organization That I m Working For Essay1581 Words   |  7 Pagestypes of values. For example: cultural, ethical, doctrinal, social, societal, and aesthetic – just to name few. We are all influenced by them on a personal level and also on an institutional level. In this paper, I will compare my personal values to the vision of an organization that I’m working for. Furthermore, I will explore how my personal values are compatible with values of my employer. Then I will look at how I am i mplementing those values at my workplace by looking at how my value â€Å"respectRead MoreCultural Values and Personal Ethics Paper1151 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: CULTURAL VALUES AND PERSONAL ETHICS PAPER Cultural Values and Personal Ethics Paper University of Phoenix Cultural Values and Personal Ethics Paper [The introduction goes here. It should be one or two paragraphs explaining the findings of your paper. The introduction should prepare the reader for the contents of the paper by previewing the three main topics in your paper. Be sure to end with a transition word or sentence to lead into Section 1 of your paper. Triple clickRead MoreDefinition Of Effective Leadership And Leadership1487 Words   |  6 Pagesthose in positions of leadership. The Bible tells us that leaders are to lead with integrity and values that govern the heart. â€Å"So he shepherded them according to the integrity of his heart, and guided them with skillful hands.† (Psalm 78:72 NKJV) Unfortunately, that is not the practice of many in leadership, often leaders operate with a public set of values that differs from that of their private life. The definition of effective leadership has changed from character driven leadership to resultsRead MorePersonal Statement On Values And Morals927 Words   |  4 Page sValues and morals are an integral part of life; values define who we are on a personal and professional level. My personal and professional values are similar but are used differently on a personal and professional level. In this code of ethics I have identified my core values as respect, honesty, loyalty, integrity, professionalism, and responsibility. Developing a code of ethics has provided me with an opportunity to reflect on my values and evaluate how I turn those values into action. PersonalRead MoreMy Personal Statement : My Goals864 Words   |  4 PagesMy personal mission is to constantly strive to be the best overall person that I can be within my personal and professional life. My goals are to inspire and help others and myself around me to achieve greatness and balance that will to maximize our potential that will transcend the boundaries of our dreams. In addition to my mission statement, my core life values are the foundation of my mission statement, which allows me to uphold my promises and standards. These promises and standards will affordRead MoreRelationship Between Capita And College Graduation Rate1551 Words   |  7 Pagesrelationship between average life expectancy, per capita personal income, and college graduation rate by state in 2010. I intend to prove that average life expectancy by state, the dependent variable, will either positively or negatively correlate with income and college graduation rate, the independent variables. The null hypothesis (H0) for my independent variables is that there will be absolutely no relationship between income or college graduation rate and average life expectancy. On the other handRead MoreEssay on Gb570 Unit 1865 Words   |  4 PagesThe Value Chain in My Life Unit 1 Assignment Marylin Cortes Kaplan University GB570: Managing the Value Chain Professor: Jerry Haenisch Date: February 4, 2013 The Value Chain in my Life In order for a firm to create competitive advantage, it needs to create a set of activites that can deliver value to the specific product and services it offers to its customers. To start talking about my life as a â€Å"value chain†, I may need to compare it to a specific product†. This is going to take precedence

The Case About Rf and Tatarstan Delegation of Authorities Free Essays

THE CASE ABOUT RF AND TATARSTAN DELEGATION OF AUTHORITIES 1. Why Tatarstan was succeeded to be the â€Å"elected† region in terms of its’ authorities? As far as I could understand, the reasons why Tatarstan was chosen for delegation of Authorities and this Agreement are mostly historical. Historical and political preconditions of Tatarstan turned in such way, that Russian Federation and Tatarstan were nearly in equal position. We will write a custom essay sample on The Case About Rf and Tatarstan Delegation of Authorities or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, Tatarstan was independent co-founder of USSR, Tatarstan Tatarstan did not participate in election of State Duma in December 1993, Tatarstan did not sign the Federative Agreement in 1992. This shows the level of independence of Tatarstan from Russian Federation. In my opinion, Tatarstan was not very powerful republic, thus, to keep on developing it needed an alliance. It had political independence, but in terms of resources and power it did not have much. Russia, on the other hand, wanted to avoid appearance of another country just in the very heart of it. To avoid repeat of Chechnya Case, Russian Authorities decided to change the way they behave about it. Instead of gaining power using military forces, Russian Federation took the way of diplomacy and political alliance. Thus, we can say that both sides needed this agreement, bith sides could benefit from it, but in my opinion, Tatarstan would need it more than Russia, in the case of different location. 2. Suggest some more or less objective criteria to select regions for establishing special favorable regime of relations with the federal center. This question in my point of view cannot have theoretical solution, because in any different case there would be new accomplishments and new terms, that would challenge the theory pretty much. But still, some tips could be defined. I think that in century of innovations and technological development, very important aspect would be potential rate of development of the region. It’s not important how much the region is developed, it’s much more vital – how can we develop it. In what way we can grow industry, or culture or trade or any other side of life of country. This criterion is very subjective, I understand this, but this is more an advantage than a disadvantage. Because government should realize itself, for what reason it needs the region, why it is necessary to develop favorable relations with this or that region, in what way it could be profitable. From history of Russian Empire we know examples of having totally useless for Empire regions (Poland) and caused a lot of trouble in tries to keep it quiet and not rebelling. 3. What is the author’s opinion on respect of whether special delegation of authorities between Tatarstan and RF is a good thing? Do you agree with him and why? On example of RF and Tatarstan Agreement we can see how idea of federal construction, integration and decentralization actually works. Author has very positive opinion about creating decentralized country and going on forward in development of this way. I do not have any real opinion about this, but if we look at 70 years of centralized country, and look at what do we have to suffer afterwards, I would say that decentralization is the right way to develop country federal structure, so that all the knowledge and all the experience is circulating among regions, and let develop the weak. How to cite The Case About Rf and Tatarstan Delegation of Authorities, Essay examples

Conformity Impacts as a Social Worker-Free-Sample for Students

Question: Describe what conformity is referring to how it is defined and the main theories that are involved and Critically analyse the idea of conformity, examining it from negative and positive perspective. Is there a relationship between them? Answer: Introduction Conformity is the kind of an act which is related to changing of the behavior just to match with the responses of others. A few hundred years ago, Deutsch Gerard, differentiated in between the two: informational and normal conformity. The first was based on the wish to form the exact interpretation of the reality and the behavior. And the second one was based on the goals to obtain approval socially from others(Cialdini Goldstein, 2004). Conformity is generally taken as a criticized feature of the human belief formation. It is also considered as the negative influence over reliability(James, 2008). This report focuses on the definition of the conformity and its theories that are related to it. Also the analysis of the idea of conformity is done. Conformity Definition and what it refers to Conformity is the act in which people will come up with the same behavior as others by changing attitudes and behaviors. It usually occurs in the small groups or in the society on the whole. It can either occur in front of others or individually too. The best example of this is people following social norms while watching TV or even when they are alone. It is generally associated with the young age people but it may occur in any ages of people(Bernheim Exley, 2015). The final explanation for it is social influence. People might conform according to others choices if they fear the society. Theories involved in Conformity Social Comparison Theory Social comparison is the habit for evaluating oneself and comparing to others. This is a significant source of behavior which is competitive. This theory states that the people who are driven by the basic drive upward, they improve their performance and at the same time they reduce discrepancies between them and other peoples level of performance. This act of reaching upward and to do better than the best generates the competitive behavior. This competitive behavior is one of the types of social comparison(Garcia et al., 2013). This is the theory was stated by Festinger in 1950. His theory said that the communication actually at first serves to reach the agreement in the groups and the pressure for uniformity of the conversation is just based on the two reasons: the locomotion of the group makes it important and necessary that all the members should hold the same opinion and all individuals feel the need to agree on the social reality as the world will always validate the righteousne ss of every individuals opinion. Hence, in this theory of social communication, Festinger focused on the significance of other people in formation of ones opinion. There is always reason for people to engage in social comparisons. It is basically based on the motivational comparisons. People mostly rely on the objective standards for such kind of evaluations. Objective standards are not available and they are always very hard to achieve as well. Sometimes, people do not seek feedback from other people but they always try and maintain positive image within society. Now, just if this needs to end, people will need to purposefully engage themselves in the comparisons with others(Corcoran, 2011). Social Influence Theory Social theory is the umbrella concept which consists of the work of multiple theories. These theories are used in the structuring the thoughts and knowledge of consumer behavior. The theory of social influence can be stated as the act of balancing in between the interest of self and others. The other definition could be that a person takes his decisions by himself or by going on what other say about taking the decision(Cascio et al., 2015). The motives were also found out in the theory as to why people feel this need. It was found out that there were multiple motives for agreeing and disagreeing with people. There have been studies done on the changing attitudes of people when they come in contact with other people. Common reasons due to which attitude changes could be motivated by the normative concerns are: Coherence ensuring and evaluation of the self. To ensure that satisfactory relations are the results To understand the issue in terms of influence. The researchers of social influence assumed that normative and informational motives are linked with different mechanisms which generate the attitude change. The wish for desiring the normative expectations results in informational analysis and transitory judgment change. The recent studies have shown that the analysis of persuasion by providing the evidence of normative motives which affect the influence with the common set of information mechanisms. Finally, the participants when motivated to defend their position, they selected the arguments which they could read to support their view; they generated thoughts which were supportive of the position and denoted polarized attitudes. Challenge for investigating in future will always be to continue developing models of social and cognitive processes which are inclusive for capturing the attitude change in variety to informational settings with in which it occurs(Wood, 2000). Positive and Negative conformity Conformity is an adaptive behavior of a certain way to conform to social pressure. It can be viewed in a positive way and sometimes in a negative way too. The positive side always allows people to feel as a part of a group when the people appear in a particular fashion or look and also the way they speak. This is known as normative influence. This influence occurs when people want to be liked by other people and hence, they conform. It can also be taken as a negative perspective when people bash what they would have accepted on their own ideas. Hence, conformity is based on the desire to be liked as well as it is also subjective. Another type of conformity is social influence which happens when people desire to always be correct. People who are in minority situations can make large use of conformity(Yu Sun, 2013). When the behavior or belief stands unanimous, most people who are in the minority are treated as if they have a huge amount of pressure on them to conform and accept the p articular type of lifestyle. Racial tensions are the same as this and this type of tension is also seen in the past. The unanimity is not that solid as it appears to be(Zafar, 2009). Hence, break in conformity is a good thing which proposes changes that are needed and it can be considered as a good thing to allow conformity. Though the positive and negative aspects are same in a way that conformity is occurring because of people want to be a part of the group yet other than this relation, there is no link between both positive and negative conformity. Conformity Impacts as a Social Worker People who work as a social care workers comes in contact with the people who are in pain or have lost courage in life to love it even further. They look for support to be up and running again. Sometimes, in order to receive support from people whom a social worker is helping, he will always feel the need to conform. People who are vulnerable would want a social worker to listen to their miseries and just support them in a positive manner. This way a social worker is being able to help other people. It takes a lot of time and planning before providing the help a social worker is preparing for(Allott Robb, 1998). Basically two things are required: ability for providing support to people and ability to identify the requirements that exists. Things will have to plan accordingly. Still, with no conformity sometimes, there is a lack of passion seen in a social worker by the people who are at the side of receiving the support. Hence, it can be taken as a positive approach. To build a foundation of a social working ground, a social worker needs people who are aptly knowledgeable about the area of work and have the skills to make the NGO grow and help more people. People, who want to become a part of the NGO, will sometimes agree to other people because they will think that those people are more knowledgeable and skilled. This might be a misconception or a misunderstanding(Blythe, 2010). This can become a negative approach too. Hence, informational conformity can be negative sometimes. Conclusion This report focuses on the definition of the conformity and its theories. Normative conformity can be proven to be positive and at the same time informational conformity can be proven negative sometimes. While both have a similarity in conformity, both these conformities have different motives behind agreeing in front of the other people. To conform to people in a general sense, just to feel a part of the group is considered to be positive but to conform in any other case will become a lifestyle and this can damage the true image of a personality. The personality which is different from other but the psychology to be liked by others forces people to conform to others(Suhay, 2016). The theories on both positive and negative conformity are discussed yet it is difficult to tell completely if conformity is completely good or bad References Allott, M. Robb, M., 1998. Understanding Health and Social Care: An Introductory Reader. SAGE. Bernheim, D.B. Exley, C.L., 2015. [Online] Available at: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/16-070_1d8d5b51-93dd-4906-b811-4436813d55db.pdf [Accessed 19 February 2018]. Blythe, C., 2010. [Online] Available at: https://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/16186/1/__ddat01_staffhome_bjones_Downloads_46-130-1-PB.pdf [Accessed 19 February 2018]. Cascio, C.N., Scholz, C. Falk, E.B., 2015. [Online] Available at: https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1137context=neuroethics_pubs [Accessed 19 February 2018]. Cialdini, R.B. Goldstein, N.J., 2004. psych.ubc. [Online] Available at: https://www2.psych.ubc.ca/~schaller/Psyc591Readings/CialdiniGoldstein2004.pdf [Accessed 12 February 2018]. Corcoran, K., 2011. soco.uni-koeln. [Online] Available at: https://soco.uni-koeln.de/docs/Corcoran_Crusius_Mussweiler_2011_Social_Comparison.pdf [Accessed 13 February 2018]. Garcia, S.M., Tor, A. Schiff, T.M., 2013. The Psychology of Competition. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 20(10), pp.1 -17. James, K., 2008. kevinzollman. [Online] Available at: https://www.kevinzollman.com/uploads/5/0/3/6/50361245/zollman_-_social_structure_and_the_effects_of_conformity.pdf [Accessed 12 February 2018]. Suhay, E., 2016. [Online] Available at: https://www.democracy.uci.edu/newsevents/events/conference_files/suhay_2016_politicalconformity.pdf [Accessed 19 February 2018]. Wood, W., 2000. [Online] Available at: https://www3.psych.purdue.edu/~willia55/392F-'06/Wood-Influence.pdf [Accessed 19 February 2018]. Yu, R. Sun, S., 2013. suitable rewards to motivate the different generations. [Online] Available at: suitable rewards to motivate the different generations/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0064530 [Accessed 19 February 2018]. Zafar, B., 2009. newyorkfed.org. [Online] Available at: https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/staff_reports/sr365.pdf [Accessed 19 February 2018].

What Causes Aggression free essay sample

What Causes Aggression? Is It an Instinct or a Learned Behaviour? BY Monkey73 What causes aggression? Is it an Instinct or a learned behaviour? (a) Compare and contrast the views of any two psychological domains on the causes of aggression. (b) Evaluate the validity of their claims in the order to reach an informed decision about the causes of aggression. In order to explore the causes of aggressive behaviour, we have to be clear about what we mean by aggressive behaviour. The psychological definitions of aggression are determined by theoretical perspectives and there is no consensus within or cross the sciences about its components. For example some researchers support that aggression is an inborn, instinctive process based on which we intend to harm others. Such approaches adopt a definition that places emphasis on the intention to harm others. So it views aggression as the intention to harm others and this is not dependent of whether actual harm is inflicted. Other theorists attribute aggression to being a learned behaviour and lay emphasis on observable behaviours that result in eliciting harm to another person. It highlights that the harm needs to be evident so it an be observed and does not view thoughts or unobservable emotions as being components of aggressive behaviour. Bandura in 1973 defined aggression as behaviour that results in personal injury or destruction of property (Hogg, M, Vaughan, G. 1998, p. 40) Anderson and Bushman 2002 postulate aggression is behaviour which causes intentional harm to another person (Glassman 2004, p. 337). Thus it seems current explanations of aggression fall into two board classes which focus on biological or social environment influences. The following essay is going to explore and contrast the distinct views of the biological and behaviourist domains on etermining aggression. It will walk through the core ideas which form the basis for each theory and illustrate the main differences on whether they view aggression as an instinct or as a learned behaviour. I will conclude by assessing the validity of each theory based on existing research. The biological domain views aggressive behaviour as being an innate part of human nature and we are programmed at birth to act in that way. It looks at the genetic, inborn characteristics of the person and not the situation as being the key determinants. Among the biological approaches, important contribution came from he field of ethology, which is concerned with the comparative study of animal and human behaviour. As one of the fields pioneers, Konrad Lorenz (1974) offered a model of aggression that dealt specifically with the issue of how aggressive energy is developed and set free in both humans and animals. His core assumption is that the organism continuously builds up aggressive energy and he likens this process to the operation of a reservoir filling up with water. Occasionally the reservoir needs to be emptied in a controlled fashion, otherwise it will overflow. Whether or not this energy ill lead to the manifestation of aggressive behaviour depends on two factors: (a) the (b) the strength of the external stimuli (e. g. the sight or smell of predator) capable of triggering an aggressive response. So this suggests the potential or instinct for aggression may be innate and the actual aggressive behaviour is elicited by specific stimuli in the environment know sign stimuli. Sign stimuli are environmental cues which regulate the expression of behaviours related to innate drives (Glassman 2004, p. 40) Some sign stimuli elicit the individual aggression, whereas other sign stimuli ay act as inhibitors. He also argues that aggression serves an evolunationary function, allowing the strongest and fittest members of a group to survive and re- produce, whereas eliminating the weaker members. If the aggression is not frequently released in controllable and manageable amounts, that are in accordance with environmental cues the risk is that it will build up and become unmanageable and randomly expressed. Also geneticists have offered theories on aggression by examining physiological processes. Their main focus has been to look at how the brain functions and how it can control aggression. The behaviourist approach view aggression as a learned behaviour and place significance on environmental influences rather then internal drives. They see aggression as a particular class of voluntary responses, which are acquired and modified by the means of reinforcement. This viewpoint emphasises the role of the situation rather than the person and individuals are seen as passive and as receptors of stimulation offered by the environment. The external world shapes learning by offering reinforcement and learning itself is seen as the outcome of associating certain behaviours with rewards or punishments. There are two main aspects of aggressive behaviour which have been supported by this approach: instrumental aggression and the role of frustration in aggression. Instrumental aggression is aggressive behaviour which is maintained because it is positively reinforced (Glassman 2004, p. 342). The primary goal of such aggression is not injury or harm to the victim; the aggression is simply a means to some other desired end. One such end could be self defence. Thus whenever the individual wishes to achieve the same environmental response, they demonstrate the same patterns of aggressive ehaviour. In contrast not all acts of aggression lead to reinforcement and in contrast the individual may be punished. The behaviourists Dollard, Doob, Miller, Mower and Sears in 1939 introduced the concept of frustration-aggression hypotheses. This incorporates the concept that aggression might actually be the automatic response of an individual that gets frustrated. Frustration can be defined as the blocking of a goal-orientated response and they viewed this to be the sole cause of aggression. They believed that whenever an individual tries to achieve a goal, environmental onditions block our activity and hence the individual experiences frustration and this can elicit aggressive behaviours. This concept represents the backbone of the approach as it indicates the environment affects the behaviour and the individual is seen as responding to external events. The aggressive energy need not explode directly against its source. Their theory suggests that people learn to inhibit direct retaliation, especially when others might disapprove or punish; instead we displace our hostilities to safer targets. Displacement occurs in the old anecdote about a man dog, which bites the postman. It is clear though, not every frustration leads to an aggressive response. Therefore the earlier proposition of a deterministic relationship between frustration and aggression was altered into a probabilistic version by Miller in 1941. Moderating variables may also explain why aggression is frequently displaced away from the frustrator onto more easily accessible or less intimidating target. Marcus-Newhall, Pederson, Carlson and Miller 2000 found consistent evidence for the displacement of aggression from the source of the frustration onto a less powerful or more accessible target across a total of 49 studies. Berkowitz 1978 suggests that aggression can be produced by reinforcement, even in the absence of frustration and so challenges the original hypothesis too. In comparing the two domains, biological theories place their significance on genetic, inborn characteristics which drive a persons behaviour and emotion. In contrast the behaviourists insist that aggression in humans is the product of environmental demands and is acquired through the customary laws of learning. They see aggression to be solely caused by a stimulus from the external world and it is a suggested response which is based upon reinforcement. On treating aggression, the behaviourists suggest the environment can be modified by ensuring the external world has an appropriate structure of reinforcement and punishment available. Hence this will inhibit people from learning aggression or the behaviour can be unlearned. Whereas Lorenz argues that nothing can alter to eliminate aggression all together but to provide suitable forms of cathersis such as sports to allow individuals to release the build up energy and prevent the random leakages. The validity of the biological domain comes under heavy criticism as it lacks empirical evidence. Lorenzs concept of aggression energy is not easily measurable and lacks an operational definition. Also the comparative study of animal behaviours does not prove that they have the same cause in humans. Also the method of catharsis has little experimental support too. Despite the lack of direct evidence, the ethnologists view does have some appeal on the aspect that humans do have an evolutionary genetic heritage and seeing aggression as innate fits in well with some cultural beliefs. Overall though the evidence for a biological basis for aggression has gaps and thus is viewed as being more suggestive than conclusive. In contrast, the behaviourist theory has more direct supporting evidence and several studies such as those conducted by Lovaas 1961, Loew 1967 indicate that hostile and helpful verbalizations can act as regulators of non verbal aggression, so proving the concept of learning. Although the notion of not all frustration leads to aggressive behaviour and not all people respond to frustration in the same way does prevent the theory from being applied across the board. Different individuals may employ different sorts of aggressive behaviour in response to a frustrating situation and so he theory does not account for the different reactions and modes of expressing frustration. Also researchers have found that aggression can be exhibited when there is no obvious environmental reinforcement and the displacement of aggression can not be easily predicted. In conclusion despite the above criticisms the behaviourist approach does offer more in the way of supporting evidence than the aggression and frustration-aggression hypothesis together can account for many cases of aggressive behaviour and there seems no question that frustration can elicit ggression in certain instances.

Characteristics of a Tragic Hero

Characteristics of a Tragic HeroAlthough it is not classified as an educational book, August Wilson's tragic hero essay sample is a wonderful way to learn the secrets of creative writing. If you are struggling with writing, this is a great place to start. In this lesson, you will learn the secrets to a tragic hero who will do anything to win the heart of his beloved.From the moment that he first meets Juliette, the tragic hero goes about being in love with her. His love for her is unconditional, but does not always result in a happy marriage. There are moments of fear and anxiety, but he remains undeterred. In his quest to win her, he meets many men who can never overcome their fears of rejection, which only makes him more determined to win her heart.The tragic hero is courageous and determined. He will do anything to win the heart of the girl who could change his life forever. This article will help you see what these words mean.- The tragic hero is courageous because he will do any thing to win the love of a girl. This courage extends beyond just winning a girl's love. It involves courage to be bold in the face of any adversity in order to achieve the things that you want.- Courageous people are determined to accomplish things despite any odds. They put forth a positive effort and realize that it takes courage to succeed and to overcome any challenges that come along the way. The hero from this tragic hero essay sample exemplifies this.- Courageous people are committed to achieve their goals. They are willing to go the distance and overcome any obstacles in their path. Inother words, they do what it takes to be successful. In other words, they are true leaders.- The tragic hero is in love with Juliette. Although he does not seem to know it, he longs for her. Although he has trouble finding a way to propose to her, he realizes that he cannot wait forever. And so, when he is faced with the prospect of losing her forever, he reaches out to his best friend, Horati o, who will in turn help him win her heart.The tragic hero never gives up. In fact, he continues to stay in love with his beloved despite many obstacles. He is a true leader who continues to be true to himself and his goal even if he does not get the love of his beloved.

Bribery of the World

Gun Control3 essays

Gun Control3 essays Gun Control Since the days of the pioneers of the United States, firearms have been part of the American tradition as protection and a means of hunting or sport. As we near the end of the 20th century the use of guns has changed significantly. Because of fast and steady increase in crime and the fight for the right to own a hand gun, the introduction of legislation for gun control, to try to reduce the crime in the United States, has been a hotly debated issue in recent years. Although many people feel that gun control violates the right of the people, given in the second amendment "the right to bear arms", controlling distribution and sales and the registration of guns and gun owners is necessary because of the homicide rate involving guns and the violence by criminals using guns. Many people feel that gun control violates the right of the people given in the second amendment the right "to bear arms". Opponents of gun control, including the National Rifle Association, better known as the NRA, argue that the "right To bear arms" is guaranteed in the second amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America and licensing restrictions penalize law-abiding citizens while in no way preventing criminal use of handguns. It is also argued that by making it difficult for guns to be bought and registered for the American public there is a threat to the personal safety of American families everywhere. However controlling the sale and distribution of firearms is necessary because of the homicide rate involving guns. In 1988 there were 9000 handgun related murders in America. Metropolitan centers and some suburban communities of America are setting new records for homicides by handguns. Larger Metropolitan centers have ten times the murder rate of all Western Europe. For example in Washington,D.C. there was an estimated 400 homicides including guns. In addition gun contro...

Complete case brief of Nix v. Williams Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Complete brief of Nix v. Williams - Case Study Example During the trial of Williams, the court held that, even in the case that Williams had not made the informative statements to the officer; the body would have been recovered and used as evidence against him (Nix). Procedural History The defendant, Mr. Williams was a mental patient on the loose. Williams abducted and murdered Pamela Powers, a ten-year-old girl from a YMCA on the 24th of December 1968 (Nix). After two days, he went to the police, at another county – making the condition that he was not to be questioned during the process of moving him back to Urbandale. One of the detectives started a conversation with him, and suggested to him that he needed to reveal the location where he had left the dead body, before an anticipated snowfall took place (Nix). He agreed to the proposal, and the directions he gave led the detectives to the recovery of the body (McInnis 397-446). After the recovery of the body, Williams was convicted for the crime, but based on Brewer v. Williams (1977), the Supreme Court held that there had been a violation of William’s right to counsel, like it was directed during the case of Massiah v. United States (1964). For that reason, his conviction was reversed. However, Justice Potter Stewart’s opinion pointed out that the evidence collected from Williams could be used during a trial, in a constitutional manner (Nix). Following the opinion, Williams was offered another trial, during which the attorneys responsible of his case moved a motion suppressing the evidence-bases collected through the interrogation by the detectives. Legal Issues The legal issues to be determined through the case included whether, evidence leading to an arrest could be exempted from case proceedings, based on the grounds that it had been obtained improperly. Decision of the Court The court, based on the inevitable discovery doctrine, held that the evidence (body) would have still been recovered within a short span. Therefore, the method â₠¬â€œ through which the information leading to the recovery – was collected was not relevant; therefore the evidence was admitted as evidence against the defendant. The dissent to the case, by Justice Brennan, maintained that the inevitable discovery doctrine bases its considerations on a hypothetical case, where the supposed evidence may or may not have been recovered; therefore, regarding that it was recovered through illegal means, it remained unconstitutionally collected (McInnis 397-446). Legal Analysis The main reason as to why the exclusionary rule was extended to the evidence collected through illegal police conduct was that, the channel taken was enough grounds to stop the police from violating statutory and constitutional protections, without allowing guilty people to go unpunished. Based on the rationale, the prosecution was not to be offered more advantages, than its case would have been, in the case that the evidence had not been collected through an illegal cours e (McInnis 397-446). However, by contrast, the judges resorted to the independent source doctrine, which allows for the admission of evidence, which has been gathered through means that are independent of the constitutional violation. Despite the fact that the independent source rule did not apply to the case, the rationale derived from it was consistent and offered justification to the adoption of the inevitable discovery rule, to the exclusionary doctrine. In the case that